SECTION II

QUESTION 1 — Short Answer (Aen. 4.305–311, Dido's opening — examined in L51 as a long set; today its Q1-species):

'dissimulare etiam sperasti, perfide, tantum posse nefas tacitusque mea decedere terra? nec te noster amor nec te data dextera quondam nec moritura tenet crudeli funere Dido? quin etiam hiberno moliri sidere classem et mediis properas Aquilonibus ire per altum, crudelis?'

Glosses: nefas n. (indecl.): unspeakable wrong · molior, -iri: to labor at, prepare · Aquilo, -onis m.: the North Wind

A. (i) Translate in context the phrase data dextera (line 3). (ii) Identify the case of dextera. B. Identify the meaning of quondam (line 3) in context. C. To whom does perfide (line 1) refer? D. Identify the form of moliri (line 5). E. Indicate the scansion of line 1 (dissimulare … tantum). F. Dido reproaches Aeneas for preparing his fleet hiberno sidere (line 5). Identify the practical danger of sailing at that season that makes her point.

QUESTION 2 — Translation (Aen. 6.450–455; translate as literally as possible):

inter quas Phoenissa recens a vulnere Dido errabat silva in magna; quam Troius heros ut primum iuxta stetit agnovitque per umbras obscuram, qualem primo qui surgere mense aut videt aut vidisse putat per nubila lunam, demisit lacrimas dulcique adfatus amore est:

Glosses: Phoenissa, -ae f.: the Phoenician woman · Troius, -a, -um: Trojan · iuxta, adv.: close by · nubila, -orum n.: clouds · adfor, -ari, -atus: to address

QUESTION 3 — Short Essay (Pliny 10.90, Sinope's water):

Sinopenses, domine, aqua deficiuntur; quae videtur et bona et copiosa ab sexto decimo miliario posse perduci. Est tamen statim ab capite paulo amplius passus mille locus suspectus et mollis, quem ego interim explorari modico impendio iussi, an recipere et sustinere opus possit. Pecunia curantibus nobis contracta non deerit, si tu, domine, hoc genus operis et salubritati et amoenitati valde sitientis coloniae indulseris.

Glosses: deficio, -ere (pass.): to fail, run short (for) · miliarium, -i n.: milestone · caput, -itis n.: source · mollis, -e: soft · impendium, -i n.: expense · amoenitas, -atis f.: pleasantness

A. (i) Identify the problem the Sinopeans face. (ii) Provide the Latin word(s) that support your answer in (i). (iii) Translate in context the Latin you cited in (ii). B. Describe how Pliny builds a persuasive case for the project in this letter, and explain how the Latin conveys it. 3 to 4 complete sentences; at least one multi-word citation, translated/paraphrased, with explanation.

(Mock note — as in Mock I: the real Q4/Q5 come from your year's four PUBLISHED project passages, unglossed. These unseen drills are the skill-floor; the published four, prepared per L46–47 Part Two, are the target.)

QUESTION 4 — Project Prose Passage Short Essay (UNSEEN: Pliny 2.6.1–4, the two-tier dinner party):

Longum est altius repetere nec refert, quemadmodum acciderit, ut homo minime familiaris cenarem apud quendam, ut sibi videbatur, lautum et diligentem, ut mihi, sordidum simul et sumptuosum. Nam sibi et paucis opima quaedam, ceteris vilia et minuta ponebat. Vinum etiam parvolis lagunculis in tria genera discripserat, non ut potestas eligendi, sed ne ius esset recusandi, aliud sibi et nobis, aliud minoribus amicis — nam gradatim amicos habet —, aliud suis nostrisque libertis. Animadvertit qui mihi proximus recumbebat, et an probarem interrogavit. Negavi. 'Tu ergo' inquit 'quam consuetudinem sequeris?' 'Eadem omnibus pono; ad cenam enim, non ad notam invito cunctisque rebus exaequo, quos mensa et toro aequavi.' 'Etiamne libertos?' 'Etiam; convictores enim tunc, non libertos puto.'

Glosses: lautus, -a, -um: elegant · sordidus, -a, -um: stingy, mean · opimus, -a, -um: rich, choice · laguncula, -ae f.: little flask · discribo, -ere: to sort, classify · gradatim, adv.: by grades · nota, -ae f.: (censor's) mark of disgrace · exaequo, -are: to make equal · torus, -i m.: dining-couch · convictor, -oris m.: table-companion

Context provided: Pliny describes to a young friend a dinner at the house of a host who served different food and wine to guests of different social rank — a practice some Romans considered economical refinement.

A. Summarize the passage in 4 to 5 complete sentences. B. Describe Pliny's attitude toward the host's practice and toward his own alternative, and explain how the passage conveys both. 7 to 8 sentences; at least two citations (translated/paraphrased) with explanations; one contextual or stylistic element, explained.

QUESTION 5 — Project Poetry Passage Short Essay (UNSEEN: Aen. 2.268–275, the dream begins):

Tempus erat quo prima quies mortalibus aegris incipit et dono divum gratissima serpit. in somnis, ecce, ante oculos maestissimus Hector visus adesse mihi largosque effundere fletus, raptatus bigis ut quondam, aterque cruento pulvere perque pedes traiectus lora tumentis. ei mihi, qualis erat, quantum mutatus ab illo Hectore qui redit exuvias indutus Achilli

Glosses: serpo, -ere: to creep · fletus, -us m.: weeping · bigae, -arum f.: two-horse chariot · lorum, -i n.: thong, strap · traiectus, -a, -um: pierced through · tumeo, -ere: to swell · exuviae, -arum f.: spoils · induo, -ere, -dutus: to put on, clothe

Context provided: Aeneas narrates Troy's last night. As the city sleeps, the dead Hector — mangled as Achilles left him — appears in a dream. (Hector had once worn Achilles's captured armor; redit recalls his return from that day of triumph.)

A. Summarize the passage in 4 to 5 complete sentences. B. Describe the contrast on which this passage is built, and explain how the Latin constructs it. 7 to 8 sentences; two citations with translations and explanations; one contextual or stylistic element, explained.

COMPLETE KEY — Sections I and II

Section I (52 MC)

Discretes: 1-(a) dicentem — accusative participle as object; 2-(a); 3-(b) the standing metonymy; 4-(a); 5-(b) the return — the demonstratives gesture at the sed-clause; 6-(a) nescius + genitive; 7-(c) narrator-intrusion (the poem's editorial voice — cf. Tantaene…, 1.11); 8-(a); 9-(a) an + subjunctive under nescio; 10-(a); 11-(a) dative of possession (L37); 12-(b); 13-(a); 14-(a) THE textbook aposiopesis (L30); 15-(a) litotes (L46's family); 16-(a) — Iliad 22, supplied by the context-box habit you've trained; 17-(b) freedmen — the L46 trap, now scored; 18-(a); 19-(a) fac + subjunctive (paratactic command — the rogo des family, L7); 20-(b) ut + pluperfect INDICATIVE = "as soon as" (temporal-exact; the mood is the answer). Short sets: 21-(a) subit — steals upon (the recollection as ambusher); 22-(a) frigidis — "cold" = lifeless, pointless (temperature as value-judgment); 23-(a) — body-supports prop the mind: Pliny's wellness doctrine in one relative clause; 24-(a); 25-(a); 26-(a) visus [est] + infinitive — "seemed to be present" (the dream-frame verb, exactly as in 7.27's visus est sibi cernere, L17 — prose and verse sharing the idiom); 27-(a); 28-(c) the therapist — whose care-and-devotion created the debt; 29-(a) — the L19 logic: repayment requires imperial currency; 30-(a) (L29); 31-(a); 32-(b) Latona — the watching mother (the simile's overflow, L29). Long set 1: 33-(a); 34-(a) generalized second person (the Audires family — L14/L16); 35-(a); 36-(a); 37-(a) — the case-pairing is the answer; reversing it (b) is the trap; 38-(a); 39-(a); 40-(a) fear outlasting causes — the letter's most famous epigram (L16); 41-(a); 42-(a). Long set 2: 43-(a) the epitaph-imperfect (L27); 44-(a) syncope; 45-(a) anastrophe; 46-(a); 47-(a) personal passive fertur (L4/L27); 48-(a); 49-(a); 50-(a); 51-(a); 52-(a) iam tum — the grudge predates the plot (L27). Bands (52): as Mock I — 44+/36–43/28–35/<28. The real metric: your DELTA from Mock I, category by category (discretes vs. sets vs. long sets). Improvement concentrated where you wrote L57's trap-sentences = the system works; flat categories = the sentences weren't written or weren't specific.

Section II

Q1. A(i): "(your) right hand (once) given" — the pledge of faith sealed by handclasp ("plighted hand" earns it; "given right hand" without the pledge-sense is the minimal pass). A(ii): nominative (subject of tenet with the other two nouns). B: "once/formerly" — pointing the pledge to a now-betrayed past. C: Aeneas. D: present infinitive of the deponent molior ("to labor at/prepare"). F: winter storms made Mediterranean sailing dangerous — ancient sea travel effectively shut down in winter (the mare clausum season), so only desperation or flight explains launching now (cultural-knowledge item; "bad weather" alone is the minimal pass, the seasonal-closure fact is the full answer). E: dis-si-mu | lār(e) e-ti | am spē | rās-tī | per-fi-de | tan-tum — D D S S D S, elision dissimulār(e) etiam (verified L24; the elision and spērāstī's two longs are the testable joints). Q2 model (≈13 segments, official bracket convention): "Among whom | Phoenician Dido, fresh from her wound [must connect recens to vulnere], | was wandering [must be imperfect] in the great forest; | and as soon as [must render ut primum temporally] the Trojan hero | stood close beside her | and recognized her, dim through the shadows [obscuram must modify her], | — such as (the moon) which, at the month's beginning, | one either sees or thinks he has seen [must keep BOTH verbs] | rising through the clouds — | he let fall tears | and addressed (her) [adfatus est: must be active sense] with sweet love." Watch-points: recens a vulnere — "fresh FROM the wound" (the segment most often flattened to "recently wounded" — acceptable, but keep a vulnere); quam … ut primum — untangle: quam (her) is object of agnovit, ut primum = "as soon as"; qualem … lunam — the simile's accusative agrees with quam/lunam, the comparison folded INTO the object; aut videt aut vidisse putat — BOTH verbs, the doubt is scored; adfatus … est — deponent, active sense. Q3. A(i): They lack water — their supply fails. (ii): aqua deficiuntur. (iii): "they are failed by water" / "they are running short of water" (the passive construction with ablative-flavored agent rendered intelligibly). B model (4 sentences): "Pliny persuades by arriving with the work already half-done: he reports a source et bona et copiosa — 'both good and abundant' — certified before any request is made, so the emperor is asked to fund a verified plan, not a hope. The one risk is disclosed, measured, and already under investigation — quem … explorari modico impendio iussi — 'which I have meanwhile ordered to be examined at modest expense': prudence demonstrated in the pluperfect of action taken, not promised. The closing conditional puts the decision in Trajan's hands while pricing refusal — the colony is valde sitientis, 'very thirsty' — so that granting the work becomes an act of imperial care rather than expenditure. Persuasion here is structural: data, de-risking, then a request shaped as the emperor's own virtue." (Rows: interpretation ✓; citations translated ✓; explanation past summary ✓.) Q4. A model: "Pliny tells how he dined with a host who seemed elegant to himself but, to Pliny, both stingy and extravagant at once. The host served choice food to himself and a few, cheap scraps to the rest, and had sorted wine into three grades in little flasks — not to offer choice, but to deny the right of refusal — one for himself and Pliny's rank, one for lesser friends, one for freedmen. His couch-neighbor noticed Pliny's reaction and asked whether he approved; Pliny said no. Asked his own practice, Pliny replied that he serves the same to everyone, inviting people to dinner and not to humiliation — equalizing in all respects those whom table and couch have made equal, freedmen included, since at table he counts them companions, not freedmen." B model-skeleton (expand to 7–8): claim — the passage stages two theories of hospitality: rank-display vs. table-equality, and Pliny's attitude is contempt dressed as etiquette. · Cit 1: ut sibi videbatur, lautum et diligentem, ut mihi, sordidum simul et sumptuosum — "elegant and careful, as he seemed to himself; to me, mean and extravagant at once" — the paired ut-clauses run both verdicts in one sentence, and the oxymoron (stingy AND lavish) is the analysis: luxury for self-display plus meanness toward guests are one vice, not two. · Cit 2: non ut potestas eligendi, sed ne ius esset recusandi — "not so there'd be power to choose, but so there'd be no right to refuse" — the wine-flasks decoded as social control; the parallel purpose-clauses turn tableware into legislation. · Cit 3 (insurance): ad cenam enim, non ad notam invito — "I invite to dinner, not to a censor's mark" — nota imports the official vocabulary of public disgrace into a dining room. · Context element: Roman convivium ideology — the shared table as a temporary republic (Pliny's own servis res publica … domus est, Ep. 8.16, runs the same logic for slaves' wills); grading guests reverses the institution's meaning. · Close: the freedman exchange ends it — convictores … non libertos puto: at his table, status is checked at the door, which is exactly what the host's flasks exist to prevent. Q5. A model: "It was the hour when first sleep, the gods' sweetest gift, was creeping over weary mortals. In a dream, Hector appeared to stand before Aeneas, deeply sorrowing and pouring out abundant tears. He looked as he had when dragged behind the two-horse chariot — black with bloody dust, his swollen feet pierced by the thongs. The dreaming Aeneas cries out at the sight: what a state he was in, how changed from that Hector who once returned wearing the spoils of Achilles." B model-skeleton: claim — the passage is built on the contrast between Hector as Troy remembers him and Hector as Troy must now see him: glory and ruin in one body, which is Troy's own portrait. · Cit 1: raptatus bigis ut quondam, aterque cruento pulvere — "dragged by the chariot as once (he was), and black with bloody dust" — the wounds are HISTORICAL (ut quondam): the dream refuses the consolations of memory and presents the corpse as Achilles left it. · Cit 2: ei mihi, qualis erat, quantum mutatus ab illo / Hectore — "ah me, what a state he was in, how changed from that Hector" — the exclamation measures the man against his own former self, and the enjambed Hectore makes the name itself the unit of loss. · Context/style: the gentle nightfall-opening (dono divum gratissima serpit) is a foil — epic convention uses such night-pieces before catastrophe (the same device at 4.522ff. before Dido's end); sleep's sweetness frames the horror it admits. · Close: exuvias indutus Achilli — the remembered Hector wears captured spoils, the dream-Hector wears wounds: the exuviae-economy (cf. the baldric at 12.940ff.) again marks the difference between triumph and cost. Self-scoring: row-checklists from L52–55. Then the course's last diagnostic act: list your three weakest rows ACROSS both mocks — those three lines are your April syllabus.

⭐ After Mock II: you now own two complete data-sets on yourself. The remaining weeks before the exam are not for new material — there is none; you have read every required line. They are for the three weak rows, the weekly Q-builds (L51–52), the deponent roster, and the echo-pairs. Lesson 60 closes the course; your preparation, from here, is maintenance of a finished machine.